Spectra lab

In this lab, we learned about three different spectars. They are Continuous, Emission, and Absorption.
Continuous Spectra (all the colors) are all of the colors in a rainbow. With the continuous spectra there is every  kind of wave and light in it. They are also called thermal spectrums.
Emission
The spectrum of bright lines, bands, or continuous radiation characteristics of and determined by a specific emitting substances subjected to a specific kind of excitation.The light is passed through a spectrometer, and the energy is dimmed in the spectrum, leaving only a small portion of light.
Absorption
The electromagnetic spectrum, broken by a specific pattern of dark lines or bands, observed when radiation traverses a particular absorbing medium. The absorption pattern in unique and can be used t identify the material. Theres a material that absorbs the light such as a cloud of gas. It's almost a continuous spectrum even though the black body in between you, and the light source is distorting it a little bit.

Hydrogen
orange green blue



Mercury
red yellow green blue purple

Nitrogen
red yellow purple green brown green blue purple

Argon
red orange yellow green purple

Helium
green blue orange red

Neon
red orange yellow brown green blue

atomic structure assessment* ch 4

Pg 112 :

28.  All matter is composed of atoms which contains protons, neutrons, and electrons in the nucleus

35. the cathode ray

39. The electrons stay confined in the nucleus because they are negative, and the protons are positive which attract. So the electromagnetic force cause them to stay.

40. The tube is filled with low pressured gas so its not like its hectic in their. The particles connect to the opposite charges as the voltage and magnetic force runs.

50. The superscript in the notation represents the mass number and the subscript stands for the atomic number.

51. You know the mass number and atomic number but how do you find out the number of neutrons? Well  if you have those two things, you take the subtract the atomic number to the mass number which will figure out the number of neutrons.

60.  Vanadium (V) protons: 23 electrons: 23----> Manganese (Mn) protons: 25 electrons:25----> Iridium (Ir) protons: 77 electrons: 77----> Sulfur (S) protons:16 electrons: 16

64. Cs- protons & electrons: 55 neutrons: 80

      Co- protons & electrons: 27 neutrons: 32

      Tm- protons & electrons: 69 neutrons: 94

      Zn- protons & electrons: 30 neutrons: 50

65. a: 31 protons & electrons, 33 neutrons
      b. 9 protons & electrons, 14 neutrons
      c. 22 protons & electrons, 26 neutrons
      d 2 protons & electrons, 6 neutrons
68. percent abundance (mass) = atomic mass. .  51.992
85.  You cannot  pass your hand through an solid object even though atoms are primarily composed of empty space just because they are all connect in place vibrating.